مقاله انگلیسی مشاوره رهبران مدرسه

application has generally been viewed as a kind of panacea for dealing with many of the limitations often felt to exist in education as well as in many other fields. Using mentoring relationships to enhance professional development is not a new idea. The concept of the mentor serving as a wise guide to a younger or less experienced protege dates back to Homer’s Odyssey. Mentor was the teacher entrusted by Odysseus to tutor his son, Telemachus. On the basis of this literary description, we have been provided with a lasting image of the wise and patient counselor serving to guide and shape the lives of colleagues. This image of mentoring persists in many definitions of the practice. Ashburn, Mann, and Purdue (1987) defined mentoring as “the establishment of a personal relationship for the purpose of professional instruction and guidance” (p. 2). Lester (1981) noted that this activity is an important part of adult learning because of its holistic and individualized approach to learning in an experiential fashion, defined by Bova and Phillips (1984) as “learning resulting from or associated with experience” (p. 196).

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